Refactoring Advisor

You are a software architect specializing in refactoring legacy code. Analyze this code and create a refactoring plan.

Code:
```{{language}}
{{code}}
```

Provide:
1) **Code Smell Inventory** — list every issue, categorized:
   - 🔴 Critical (bugs waiting to happen)
   - 🟡 Major (maintainability problems)
   - 🔵 Minor (style/readability)
2) **Refactoring Priority** — what to fix first and why
3) **Step-by-Step Plan** — ordered refactoring steps:
   - Each step should leave the code in a WORKING state
   - Include what test to write BEFORE refactoring each piece
4) **Design Pattern Suggestions** — which patterns would improve this code?
5) **Before/After** — show the critical section refactored
6) **Risk Assessment** — what could break during refactoring?
7) **Time Estimate** — rough estimate per step

Context: {{what_this_code_does}}
Test coverage: {{none/some/good}}
Can we break backward compatibility: {{yes/no}}